11th grade Advanced. Unit 1. Lesson 9. Uncovering your roots

 

 

Topics for discussion: Being healthy and fit is very fashionable today, isn’t it?

 

In the contemporary world, walking down any high street or scrolling through social media reveals a striking phenomenon: the obsession with health and fitness. From organic green smoothies and smart fitness trackers to athleisure clothing worn as everyday fashion, leading a healthy lifestyle has become highly fashionable. However, this raises an essential question: is this wellness movement merely a superficial trend driven by modern consumerism, or does it represent a deeper, more permanent shift in societal values?

First and foremost, the visible rise of fitness culture is undeniable, heavily fueled by digital platforms. Social media influencers and fitness enthusiasts continuously share their workouts, healthy meal preparations, and body transformations online. This constant exposure has created a culture where going to the gym or attending a yoga class is no longer just a chore, but a status symbol. People proudly display their active lifestyles through high-end activewear and digital gym check-ins. In many ways, looking fit has become the new definition of success and beauty, prompting critics to argue that the trend is largely superficial, focused more on outward appearance and aesthetic appeal than genuine health.

On the other hand, dismissive labeling of this movement as a simple fashion trend ignores the profound, positive changes it brings to public health. Beyond the vanity of social media, millions of individuals are becoming genuinely educated about nutrition and physical well-being. Today, people are increasingly aware of the dangers of sedentary lifestyles, processed foods, and chronic stress. As a consequence, there is a booming demand for organic produce, sugar-free alternatives, and mental health resources like meditation apps. This shift suggests that what began as a trendy lifestyle choice has evolved into a necessary adaptation to the health crises of the modern world.

Furthermore, the commercial sector has adapted to and reinforced this trend, making healthy habits more accessible than ever. Corporate wellness programs, public fitness parks, and health-focused restaurants have integrated fitness into the fabric of daily life. Being fit is no longer an isolated hobby for athletes; it has become an inclusive lifestyle choice that crosses generational boundaries. Older adults are engaging in low-impact exercises to maintain mobility, while younger generations view physical activity as a vital tool for managing mental health and alleviating anxiety. Therefore, the infrastructure built around this fashion ensures its longevity.

In conclusion, while being healthy and fit is undoubtedly fashionable today, it is far more than a fleeting fad. Although social media initially amplified its superficial aspects, the movement has matured into a widespread recognition of the importance of self-care and longevity. In a world plagued by modern stressors and lifestyle-related illnesses, prioritizing physical and mental well-being is a necessity. Even if the current aesthetic fashion changes, the underlying commitment to a healthier life is a trend that is certainly here to stay.

1. What is the role of regular morning exercises in one’s healthy lifestyle?

2. How significant are good eating habits?

3. How do diets help people keep fit?

Topics for discussion: There’s no bad weather, but you must be prepared for all its manifestations. Elaborate on this idea.

 There is a well-known proverb that suggests there is no such thing as bad weather, only inappropriate clothing. This philosophy emphasizes that nature itself is never inherently negative; rather, it is our reaction and level of readiness that dictate our experience. In today’s fast-paced world, people often complain about heavy rain, scorching heat, or freezing snow because these conditions disrupt their daily routines. However, if we shift our perspective and properly prepare for all weather manifestations, we can learn to appreciate every season and co-exist harmoniously with the natural environment.

First and foremost, accepting that all weather serves a vital ecological purpose is essential for developing a positive mindset. Rain is crucial for agriculture and replenishing water reservoirs, while snow insulates the soil and protects plants during the harsh winter months. Without these diverse meteorological cycles, life on Earth would simply cease to exist. Therefore, labeling rain as "miserable" or winter as "depressing" is an entirely human-centric viewpoint. By shifting our perspective, we can begin to see a rainy afternoon not as a ruined day, but as an opportunity to enjoy indoor coziness, and a snowstorm not as a traffic hazard, but as a breathtaking natural transformation.

Furthermore, being practically prepared with the right equipment and attire completely changes how we interact with the elements. Modern manufacturing has provided us with advanced materials like waterproof fabrics, windbreakers, and thermal insulation. Investing in high-quality seasonal gear ensures that physical discomfort is minimized. For instance, walking through a downpour can actually be an enjoyable, refreshing experience if you are equipped with a sturdy umbrella and waterproof boots. Similarly, proper layers can make a freezing winter walk incredibly pleasant. When we take the time to dress appropriately, the weather stops being an obstacle and becomes an environment to be explored.

In addition to physical attire, mental flexibility and digital preparation are equally critical components of adapting to changing weather patterns. Today, we have access to highly accurate, real-time meteorological forecasts right on our smartphones. Checking the weather report before leaving the house allows individuals to plan their transport, adjust their schedules, and avoid being caught off guard. If a severe storm is predicted, being prepared might mean rescheduling outdoor activities or choosing to work from home. Ultimate control over the climate is impossible, but modifying our behavior based on accurate data allows us to maintain control over our safety and comfort.

In conclusion, the idea that there is no bad weather highlights the importance of human adaptability and responsibility. Every meteorological condition possesses its own unique beauty and ecological necessity. Instead of complaining about the changing seasons, society should focus on proper preparation through appropriate clothing, flexible planning, and a resilient mindset. By doing so, we transform potential discomfort into an opportunity for adventure, proving that with the right preparation, we can thrive in any environment.

1. How would you characterise Belarusian climate?

The Belarusian climate is officially classified as moderately continental, featuring distinct, well-defined seasons. Winters are typically chilly and snowy, often influenced by cold Siberian air masses, which create a picturesque winter landscape. In contrast, summers are warm and occasionally humid, providing ideal conditions for the country's vast forests and agricultural fields. Because Belarus has a flat terrain, it is highly susceptible to rapidly shifting weather patterns brought by Atlantic winds. This results in frequent transitions between rainy spells and sunny days, making the climate unpredictable yet refreshingly diverse throughout the year.

2. Is climate changing in Belarus?

In recent decades, the Belarusian climate has experienced noticeable transformations due to global warming. Statistics show that winters have become significantly milder, with less consistent snowfall and more frequent thaws. On the other hand, summers are growing increasingly hot, frequently bringing unprecedented heatwaves and prolonged droughts that challenge local agriculture. Furthermore, the country is witnessing more intense and unpredictable extreme weather events, such as sudden torrential downpours. Ultimately, these shifts confirm that Belarus's traditional moderately continental climate is gradually transitioning, forcing both ecosystems and society to adapt to a warmer reality.

3. How does our health depend on weather conditions?

Our health is intricately linked to atmospheric changes, often affecting both our physical and psychological well-being. For instance, sudden drops in barometric pressure can trigger severe migraines and joint pain, particularly in individuals with chronic conditions like arthritis. Furthermore, seasonal transitions drastically impact mental health; a lack of sunlight during gloomy winter months frequently causes seasonal affective disorder, leading to fatigue and low mood. Additionally, extreme heatwaves place immense strain on the cardiovascular system, increasing the risk of strokes. Ultimately, our bodies are highly sensitive to meteorological shifts, proving that weather dictates far more than just our clothing choices.

Topics for discussion: People believe that our homes reflect our inner world. Do you agree with this idea?

 

It is often said that a house is not just a physical shelter made of bricks and mortar, but a living space that holds a deeper meaning. Many people firmly believe that our homes serve as a direct reflection of our inner world, embodying our personality, emotional state, and psychological well-being. In my opinion, this idea is largely accurate. The way we organize, decorate, and maintain our living environment provides profound insights into who we are beneath the surface.

First and foremost, the physical condition and cleanliness of a home frequently mirror an individual's current mental state. A cluttered, chaotic living space often signifies an overwhelmed or stressed mind. When someone is going through a difficult period, experiencing anxiety, or feeling depressed, they may lack the emotional energy to tidy up, leading to accumulated mess. Conversely, a clean, highly organized home usually suggests a desire for control, clarity, and mental order. People who meticulously arrange their surroundings are often trying to create a predictable, peaceful sanctuary to counteract the unpredictable nature of the outside world. Thus, the state of our rooms can be seen as an external manifestation of our internal psychological balance.

Furthermore, the choices we make regarding home decor, colors, and aesthetics are powerful expressions of our unique personalities and values. For instance, a minimalist approach—characterized by bare walls, functional furniture, and neutral tones—often indicates a person who values simplicity, focus, and freedom from material distractions. On the other hand, a home filled with vibrant colors, eccentric artwork, and shelves packed with books or travel souvenirs typically reflects an extroverted, curious, and expressive individual. The items we choose to display are not random; they are external markers of our identity, representing our memories, passions, and aspirations. By looking at how a space is decorated, one can easily deduce what the occupant cherishes most.

Finally, the functional layout of a home reveals a great deal about a person’s lifestyle and social preferences. An open-plan kitchen with a large dining table and plenty of seating suggestions an individual who is hospitable, enjoys socializing, and prioritizes community and family gatherings. In contrast, someone who creates a secluded reading nook, a private study, or a heavily curtained bedroom likely places a high value on privacy, introspection, and solitude. These spatial arrangements reflect how we choose to interact with others and how much quiet time we require to recharge our psychological batteries.

In conclusion, our homes are undeniably an extension of our inner selves. From the level of tidiness to the choice of color palettes and functional layouts, every aspect of our living space tells a story about our psychological state, personality traits, and personal values. While exceptions exist—such as temporary clutter during busy times—our long-term living habits act as a mirror to our souls. By understanding this connection, we can consciously alter our environments to help improve our mental well-being and find inner harmony.

1. What makes your home cosy?

A truly cosy home is not defined by expensive luxury, but by atmosphere and personal comfort. First and foremost, warm lighting plays a crucial role in creating an inviting environment; soft lamps and candles instantly make a room feel safer and more relaxing than harsh overhead lights. Additionally, textiles like soft blankets, plush cushions, and thick rugs add essential physical warmth and comfort. Finally, personal touches—such as family photographs, favorite books, and indoor plants—give a space its unique character. Ultimately, a home becomes cosy when it appeals to the senses and serves as a peaceful sanctuary from the outside world.

2. Do you help your parents around the house?

Assisting my parents with household chores is an essential part of my daily routine. I firmly believe that maintaining a home should be a collective responsibility rather than the burden of a single person. Regularly, I take charge of straightforward tasks such as washing the dishes, vacuuming the carpets, and taking out the rubbish. Additionally, I occasionally help with preparing family meals or watering the plants. Contributing to these domestic duties not only eases my parents' workload after a tiring day but also teaches me valuable life skills. Ultimately, helping around the house fosters a sense of gratitude and mutual respect within our family.

3. What would you like to change in your room?

Although I generally feel comfortable in my bedroom, there are a few adjustments I would like to make to improve its functionality. First and foremost, I intend to replace my bulky desk with a more space-saving workstation. This change would optimize the layout and create more floor space for daily stretching or relaxing. Furthermore, I would love to repaint the walls in a lighter, neutral shade to make the room feel brighter and more spacious. Ultimately, modifying these elements would transform my room into a much more efficient and inspiring sanctuary for both studying and resting.

Topics for discussion: Some experts suppose that modern technologies will control people in the near future. Elaborate on this idea.

 In the twenty-first century, technology has seamlessly woven itself into the fabric of daily life. While smartphones, artificial intelligence, and smart home devices have undoubtedly made existence more convenient, they have also raised serious concerns among scientists and sociologists. A growing number of experts now warn that modern technologies will transfer from serving humanity to controlling it in the near future. 

To begin with, the most profound way technology exercises control is through the constant surveillance and collection of personal data. Every online search, location check-in, and digital transaction is recorded by tech giants. Advanced AI algorithms analyze this data to create highly accurate psychological profiles of users. Consequently, individuals are continuously bombarded with targeted advertisements and tailored news feeds. This is not merely a marketing strategy; it is a subtle form of behavior modification. By dictating what information people consume, algorithms quietly shape public opinion, political views, and consumer choices, effectively controlling how people think and act without their conscious awareness.

Furthermore, the rise of automation and artificial intelligence is leading to a dangerous erosion of critical thinking and decision-making skills. Today, people rely on technology for the simplest tasks, from navigating unfamiliar streets with GPS to using AI tools to write emails. While this saves time, it also means that humanity is outsourcing its cognitive functions to machines. If an algorithm decides which job applicant gets hired, which financial investment is safe, or even who someone should date on a matchmaking app, humans are no longer the ultimate decision-makers. In the near future, this over-reliance could result in a society that is entirely dependent on tech systems, unable to function independently if those systems fail.

Finally, the psychological hooks designed into modern applications create a powerful form of behavioral control. Social media platforms utilize dopamine-driven feedback loops—such as likes, notifications, and infinite scrolling—to keep users hooked. This intentional design triggers addictive behavior, dictating how people spend their time and manage their emotions. When software can successfully manipulate human attention spans and emotional states for profit, it is undeniable that the technology is, in fact, in control of the user.

In conclusion, the prediction that modern technology will control humanity is not a distant sci-fi dystopia; it is a process that is already underway. Through pervasive data collection, the erosion of independent choice, and psychological manipulation, technology is quietly gaining the upper hand. To prevent a future where human agency is completely lost, society must establish stricter ethical boundaries for AI development and practice conscious digital detachment. Technology should remain a tool for empowerment, not an invisible leash.

1. What problems might modern technologies cause?

While modern technology has revolutionized daily life, it also introduces significant societal and personal challenges. First, pervasive data collection by tech corporations threatens personal privacy, as user data is routinely tracked and exploited. Furthermore, the rise of automation and artificial intelligence poses a severe risk to the job market, potentially causing widespread unemployment in traditional sectors. Finally, over-reliance on digital devices has led to psychological issues, including reduced attention spans and social isolation. Ultimately, if these technological advancements remain unregulated, they could destabilize both economic structures and human well-being, turning convenience into a systemic crisis.

2. Does Artificial Intellect do harm or benefit?

Artificial Intelligence brings undeniable benefits, yet it simultaneously presents serious risks to society. On the one hand, AI enhances human capabilities by driving medical breakthroughs, optimizing logistics, and automating repetitive tasks, which boosts global productivity. On the other hand, its rapid integration threatens the job market with unprecedented workforce displacement. Furthermore, the misuse of deepfakes and algorithmic bias poses a significant danger to public trust and democracy. Ultimately, whether AI acts as a benefit or a hazard depends entirely on governance; without strict ethical regulations, its potential for harm could easily overshadow its achievements.

3. What are the advantages and disadvantages of modern means of communication?

Modern means of communication, such as instant messaging and video conferencing, offer immense advantages by bridging geographical divides instantly. They allow individuals to maintain global relationships and enable businesses to collaborate seamlessly across borders, drastically increasing efficiency. However, these tools also bring notable disadvantages. The constant influx of notifications often leads to digital fatigue and a blurred line between work and personal life. Moreover, relying heavily on virtual screens frequently reduces face-to-face interactions, resulting in shallower relationships and social isolation. Ultimately, while technology unites us globally, it requires conscious boundaries to prevent it from distancing us locally.

Topics for discussion: Imagine that you are a family psychologist. What pieces of advice would you provide teenager’s parents with?

Adolescence is often described as a period of storm and stress, not only for the teenagers themselves but also for their parents. As a family psychologist, I frequently meet parents who feel overwhelmed, confused, and pushed away by their growing children. However, this transition does not have to be a battleground. By shifting your approach from control to connection, you can maintain a strong relationship with your teenager. Here are the most essential pieces of advice I offer to parents navigating these challenging years.

First and foremost, prioritize active listening over lecturing. When teenagers come to their parents with a problem, they are rarely looking for an immediate solution or a lecture on how they should have behaved better. More than anything, they want to feel heard and validated. Instead of interrupting with advice, try to listen calmly and acknowledge their feelings. Simple phrases like "That sounds really tough" or "I understand why you feel that way" can create a safe environment. When teenagers know they will not be judged, they are much more likely to open up.

Secondly, learn to negotiate boundaries and pick your battles. It is completely natural for adolescents to seek independence and test limits; this is a critical part of developing their own identity. As a parent, you need to transition from a manager to a consultant. Instead of enforcing rigid rules, involve your teenager in the decision-making process. Establish clear boundaries regarding safety and respect, but offer flexibility in other areas, such as their clothing choices, room cleanliness, or hobbies. Allowing them to make minor choices builds their confidence and teaches responsibility.

Another vital aspect is respecting their need for privacy. A closed bedroom door is not necessarily a sign of rebellion or hidden trouble; it is often just a teenager's way of processing their thoughts and emotions. Invading their privacy by reading their messages or searching their rooms without a serious reason destroys trust, which is incredibly difficult to rebuild. Trust your teenager until they give you a concrete reason not to, and give them the space they need to grow.

Finally, never underestimate the power of unconditional love and quality time. Even though teenagers might act as if they do not want you around, they still deeply need your presence. Look for small, low-pressure ways to connect, such as driving them to practice, sharing a meal, or watching a favorite show together. Most importantly, ensure they know that your love for them is not dependent on their grades, achievements, or behavior. They need to know that home is a safe harbor where they are accepted for who they are.

In conclusion, parenting a teenager requires patience, adaptability, and emotional resilience. By listening more, sharing control, respecting privacy, and offering steady support, you can help your child navigate this critical stage of life. Remember, the goal is not to raise a compliant child, but to guide them into becoming a healthy, independent adult.

1. What is the role of a family unit in everybody’s life?

The family unit is the cornerstone of emotional, social, and psychological development. From birth, it serves as the primary source of unconditional love and security, shaping how individuals view the world and themselves.Socially, the family acts as a mini-society, teaching core values, communication skills, and responsibility. It provides a safe harbor during life's inevitable challenges, offering emotional stability that builds personal resilience. Furthermore, the cultural traditions and moral frameworks passed down through generations help form a person's core identity.Ultimately, a supportive family gives people the confidence to explore the world, knowing they always have a soft place to land.

2. Do your parents always support you?

Parental support is a complex dynamic that often evolves as children grow into young adults. For many, parents act as a reliable safety net, offering emotional and financial backing during difficult times. This consistent encouragement boosts self-esteem and helps individuals pursue their goals with confidence.However, support is not always guaranteed or unconditional. Disagreements frequently arise when parents’ traditional values conflict with their children's modern aspirations or lifestyle choices. While they usually intend to protect their children, this protection can sometimes feel restrictive rather than helpful.Ultimately, true parental support means balancing guidance with the freedom to let children make their own mistakes.

3. What is an ideal family like?

An ideal family is built on mutual respect, open communication, and unconditional love. It is not a perfect unit without conflicts, but rather a safe environment where members can express their feelings without fear of judgment.In this structure, parents balance guidance with freedom, encouraging independence while offering a reliable safety net. Every individual feels valued, and decisions are often made together, promoting a sense of equality. Furthermore, an ideal family acts as an emotional anchor, celebrating successes and providing unwavering support during tough times.Ultimately, it is a place where you can truly be yourself and feel completely secure.

Topics for discussion: Imagine that you have a chance to shoot a film about art. What is it going to be about?

If I were given the opportunity to step behind the camera and direct a movie about art, I would not focus on a famous painter or a prestigious museum. Instead, my film would explore the concept of street art as a tool for social change. The movie would be a fictional drama titled The Canvas of the Unheard, set in a bustling, modern metropolis where corporate skyscrapers slowly overshadow historic, working-class neighborhoods.

The plot would follow the journey of Maya, a talented but disillusioned young muralist, and Arthur, an elderly traditional painter who runs a struggling community art center. Initially, they clash due to their different philosophies. Arthur believes that true art belongs to galleries and requires classical discipline, while Maya treats the crumbling brick walls of the city as her personal sketchbook. However, when a massive development project threatens to demolish Arthur’s center and displace the local community, the two characters decide to join forces.

The core of the film would show how they use art as a form of peaceful resistance. Together with a group of local teenagers, Maya and Arthur secretly transform the entire neighborhood into a massive, interconnected exhibition. Over several nights, they paint breathtaking murals that tell the personal stories of the residents, capturing their history, struggles, and dreams.

Visually, the film would rely on a powerful contrast between gray, clinical corporate architecture and the vibrant, explosive colors of the murals. As the street art spreads, the atmosphere of the neighborhood changes. It becomes a living, breathing entity. The climax of the film would take place on the day the bulldozers arrive. Instead of a violent protest, the workers and developers are confronted by hundreds of citizens standing silently in front of a giant, beautiful masterpiece that depicts the faces of the community members themselves. The art forces the powerful decision-makers to finally see the human beings behind the statistics.

Through this narrative, the film would explore several important themes. First, it raises questions about who owns public space and who has the right to decide what is beautiful. Second, it challenges the traditional boundaries of art, proving that a spray can can be just as powerful as a classical paintbrush. Most importantly, the movie would show that art is not merely a luxury item for the wealthy or a decoration for a living room. It is a universal language, a reflection of identity, and a force capable of uniting people against injustice.

In conclusion, The Canvas of the Unheard would be a tribute to the democratic nature of creativity. It would remind the audience that art surrounds us every day, hidden in plain sight on the streets we walk. By the time the credits roll, I want the viewers to look at their own cities with fresh eyes and realize that every wall has a story to tell, waiting for someone to paint it.

1. How do you understand the meaning of the word “masterpiece”? 

To me, a masterpiece is not just a piece of art that displays flawless technical skill; it is a creation that possesses a soul. It is a work—whether a painting, a novel, or a musical composition—that stands the test of time and resonates deeply with people across generations.

A true masterpiece strikes a chord with the audience, evoking intense emotions and changing how we view the world. It is never just a repetitive idea; rather, it breaks new ground and sets a standard for others. Ultimately, it represents the peak of human imagination, remaining relevant long after its creator is gone.

2. What famous museums or art galleries have you visited? 

During my trip to Paris, I had the unforgettable opportunity to visit the Louvre, which is undoubtedly the most famous museum I have ever seen. As I walked through its grand halls, the sheer scale of the art collection completely took my breath away.Seeing iconic masterpieces like the Mona Lisa up close was a surreal experience that truly stood the test of time. The museum seamlessly blends historic royal architecture with modern design, exemplified by the stunning glass pyramid. Ultimately, the Louvre is an artistic treasure trove that leaves a lasting impression on anyone who steps inside.

3. What Belarusian actors, artists, poets and writers do you know? 

Belarus has a rich cultural heritage, and I am highly familiar with several iconic figures who have left a lasting impression on our history. In literature, the foundational poets Yanka Kupala and Yakub Kolas truly stood the test of time, capturing the authentic Belarusian soul and landscapes in their masterpieces.When it comes to visual arts, the world-renowned painter Marc Chagall, who was born in Vitebsk, completely broke new ground with his surreal, dreamlike avant-garde styles. Knowing these influential creators helps me appreciate my country's identity, as their incredible contributions continue to strike a chord with audiences worldwide.

CE / CT Articles Practice

 Centralized Testing (CT / CE) Article Cheat Sheet

Категория	Определенный артикль (The)	Неопределенный артикль (A / An)	Нулевой артикль (∅)
Географические названия	• Реки, моря, океаны: the Thames, the Atlantic • Цепи гор: the Alps • Группы островов: the Bahamas • Страны во множественном числе или со словами Republic, Kingdom: the USA, the UK, the Czech Republic	• В названиях не используется (только если это не классифицирующее описание: It is a beautiful European country).	• Одиночные горы / пики: Mount Everest, Elbrus • Одиночные острова: Cyprus, Madagascar • Озера (со словом Lake): Lake Baikal (но: the Baikal) • Большинство стран и континентов: France, Asia, Belarus
Городские объекты	• Музеи, галереи, театры, отели: the British Museum, the Hilton	• В названиях не используется.	• Улицы, площади, парки: Oxford Street, Trafalgar Square, Central Park • Аэропорты, вокзалы: Heathrow Airport, Victoria Station
Учреждения (Hospital, School, Bed и др.)	• Если здание посещается не по прямому назначению (как посетитель): My mother went to the school to talk to my teacher.	• Один из многих (какой-то один объект): They are building a new school in our area.	• Использование по прямому назначению (учиться, лечиться, спать): He is in ∅ hospital (он болен). / Children go to ∅ school. / Go to ∅ bed (иди спать).
Приемы пищи	• Если речь идет о конкретном (уже упоминавшемся или определенном контекстом) приеме пищи: Thank you, the dinner was delicious.	• Если перед существительным стоит описательное прилагательное: We had a lovely breakfast.	• В обычном, общем смысле: have ∅ breakfast, cook ∅ dinner, invite to ∅ lunch.
Музыка и спорт	• С глаголом play перед музыкальными инструментами: play the piano, play the guitar.	• При упоминании самого предмета (инструмента) как исчисляемого: He bought a guitar.	• С глаголом play перед видами спорта и играми: play ∅ football, play ∅ chess, play ∅ tennis.
Титулы и звания	• Если титул употребляется БЕЗ имени собственного: By order of the King... / This is the Prime Minister.	• При классификации должности: He dreams of becoming a president one day.	• Если после титула сразу идет имя собственное: ∅ Queen Elizabeth, ∅ President Lincoln.
Абстрактные существительные	• Если есть конкретизирующее ограничение (правое определение с of или that): The knowledge of ancient history.	• Если абстрактное существительное приобретает конкретное значение: She has a love for music.	• В общем, философском смысле: ∅ Knowledge is power. / All you need is ∅ love.
Транспорт и время	• В выражениях типа: in the morning, in the evening, at the weekend.	• В конструкциях типа: once a week, twice a month.	• Устойчивые предложные сочетания с by (способ передвижения): by ∅ train, by ∅ car, by ∅ air. • Время суток с предлогом at: at ∅ night, at ∅ sunset, at ∅ dawn.
Важные устойчивые выражения для ЦТ	• on the one/other hand • in the distance • out of the question • catch the flu / a cold	• it's a pity / a shame • to have a headache • at a loss • at a glance	• at ∅ home / at ∅ work • by ∅ mistake • on ∅ foot • from ∅ head to foot